The political policies of China changed overtime. During Mao’s era, it
was under Communism. Communism is a political theory derived from Karl Marx,
advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly
owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs.
On October 1, 1949, Chinese Communist leader Mao Zedong
declared the creation of the People’s Republic of China (PRC). The announcement
ended the costly full-scale civil war between the Chinese Communist Party (CCP)
and the Nationalist Party, or Kuomintang (KMT), which broke out immediately
following World War II and had been preceded by on and off conflict between the
two sides since the 1920’s. The creation of the PRC also completed the long
process of governmental upheaval in China begun by the Chinese
Revolution in 1911. The “fall” of mainland China
to communism in 1949 led the United States to suspend diplomatic ties with the
PRC for decades.
In 1945, the leaders of the Nationalist and
Communist parties, Chiang Kai-shek and Mao Zedong, met for a series of talks on
the formation of a post-war government. Both agreed on the importance of
democracy, a unified military, and equality for all Chinese political parties.
The truce was tenuous, however, and, in spite of repeated efforts by U.S.
General George Marshall to broker an agreement, by 1946 the two sides were
fighting an all-out civil war. Years of mistrust between the two sides thwarted
efforts to form a coalition government. This was made because of the both
parties need to form a post war government, to help defend China in World War
II.
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