Comparison of the Political policies on China and Indonesia

   They were all accepting new ideas. Both leaders that lead Chin and Indonesia has that similarity, both of them were from a communist country, and they implied the communist rule towards the country that they are leading. Soeharto implied communism towards Indonesia, though, he was somehow called as a dictator, because he wanted Indonesia to have equality, however he was not implying the Human rights, he kills people that he wants to kill. Although he wanted equality in Indonesia, the small group around Soeharto, usually consist of Chinese business partner, would still be much more wealthier, which causes university students to have a riot on that particular matter.

   Mao Zedong, on the other hand implied communism towards China. He also wanted equality. He treated the citizens fairly, but too fair. Meaning that the equality that he gave towards the citizen led to a disaster. He started to switch people that used to work in agriculture work in industries and vice versa. This created a chaos because people from agriculture wont understand how to work in an industry, and people from the industry wont understand how to work in agriculture.

   in conclusion, accepting new ideas can help us, though, we should also know its benefits and limitations. We cant think about the good things, but also we should know the bad things that would happen. By thinking about its limitations, throughout the years we would think about how to prevent the bad things that were expected from the beginning. 

  

  

Political Policies of China

The political policies of China changed overtime. During Mao’s era, it was under Communism. Communism is a political theory derived from Karl Marx, advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs. On October 1, 1949, Chinese Communist leader Mao Zedong declared the creation of the People’s Republic of China (PRC). The announcement ended the costly full-scale civil war between the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the Nationalist Party, or Kuomintang (KMT), which broke out immediately following World War II and had been preceded by on and off conflict between the two sides since the 1920’s. The creation of the PRC also completed the long process of governmental upheaval in China begun by the Chinese Revolution in 1911. The “fall” of mainland China to communism in 1949 led the United States to suspend diplomatic ties with the PRC for decades.

   In 1945, the leaders of the Nationalist and Communist parties, Chiang Kai-shek and Mao Zedong, met for a series of talks on the formation of a post-war government. Both agreed on the importance of democracy, a unified military, and equality for all Chinese political parties. The truce was tenuous, however, and, in spite of repeated efforts by U.S. General George Marshall to broker an agreement, by 1946 the two sides were fighting an all-out civil war. Years of mistrust between the two sides thwarted efforts to form a coalition government. This was made because of the both parties need to form a post war government, to help defend China in World War II.

Political Policies of Indonesia

   The New Orders government essence was far different than the Sukarno’s era. During the New Order, it was a military-backed authoritarian regime that did not respect human rights. Politics and economics were basically taken away from the public and kept within a small elite around Suharto. Though, as Indonesians became more educated due to increasing social developments, its educated circles naturally wanted to let their voice heard and participate in politics as well as the economy. However, this political standstill caused a lot of frustration in a large part of Indonesia’s population.

   The New Order was also based on a system of nepotism and corruption in which a small group around Suharto. This small group consisted mainly of ethnic Chinese business partners. Related to this political system, the financial system had begun to run out of control after the deregulation measures in the banking sector in the late 1980s. by hacing restrictions to open banks and branches it became more and more difficult to monitor the money flows within the Indonesian banking system, which contributed to the Asian financial crisis.

Comparison of the Economic Policies from both countries

   As seen above, both countries are willing to open up to new ideas. They were accepting new ideas to create major improvements for the country. Soeharto, he accepted the new idea of the “New Order” where he wanted to improve the economics of Indonesia after the era of Sukarno. The “New Order” was a plan to renew the old one named “Old Order”. As we can see that the first several years it did made the economy grew rapidly, and also decreasing the percentage of poverty in Indonesia. Though, it made Indonesia suffer during the Asian Financial Crisis.

  On the other hand, Mao was doing the same thing. He was rapidly increasing China’s economy during his first 5 years of ruling china. After his first 5 years, seeing his success, he made the “Great Leap Forward” which made him retire from his position of being the ruler of china, due to the failures of the great leap forward, which led china to a economical crisis.

   Both countries accepted new ideas, and it worked well at first, however because they were to ambitious it led their success to a major failure causing economical crisis.

Economic Policies of China

  During the ruling era of Mao Zedong, Mao made China as a communist country. He said that communism would help end China’s reputation as a lesser-developed country. He seeks after his successful 5 years of leading China, he invented another 5 years plan called “ The Great Leap Forward”. This was created because Mao was worried that china was settling into the old way. He saw the middle class running the factories and many more. He wanted revolution in order to hand control back to the peasants and workers. Despite the success in the first five years plan, china’s manpower is not used efficiently. There were still a lot of unemployed people. There is also a problem of how china raise enough money to build industries in countryside in order for the peasants to be worker. Therefore, he introduced the ‘Great Leap Forward” plan.

   Since Mao was satisfied with his first 5 years success, he then got too ambitious. When he introduced the “Great Leap Forward”, things started to get chaotic. The great leap forward produce things to fast, leading to huge mistakes. Industries became inefficient and wasteful. They came to a phase where they produce low quality iron and steel. Food production also slumped and too many peasants had been moved from agriculture to industry. By 1961, China was buying resources from abroad.